Finance, Credit, Investments : Economical Categories

Scientific functions in the theories of finances in addition to credit, according in order to the specification from the research object, are characterized to be many-sided and many-leveled.

The definition of totality from the economical relations formed in the particular process of creation, distribution and using finances, as funds sources is widely spread.  Income limit For illustration, in "the general theory of finances" you will find two definitions of finances:

1) "... Finances indicate economical relations, formation in the funds involving money sources, within the process of distribution and répartition of national statements based on the distribution plus usage". This description has relatively in order to the conditions involving Capitalism, when cash-commodity relations gain widespread character;

2) "Finances represent the organization of centralized ad decentralized money sources, economical relations relatively along with the distribution in addition to usage, which function for fulfillment of the state functions and obligations and likewise provision of typically the conditions with the widened further production". This particular definition is introduced without showing typically the environment of their action. We share partly such justification of finances in addition to think expedient to be able to make some standards.

First, finances overcome the bounds involving distribution and répartition service from the nationwide income, though that is a fundamental first step toward finances. Also, formation and utilization of the downgrading fund which can be the part of economic domain, belongs not really to the circulation and redistribution associated with the national earnings (of newly produced value during some sort of year), but to typically the distribution of previously developed value.

This specific latest first appears to be a part of value of main industrial money, later it is usually relocated to the expense price of an all sety product (that is usually to the value too) after its realization, in fact it is set the particular depression fund. The source is consumed into account before hand as a depression kind in the particular consistence in the all set products price range.

Next, main goal of finances is significantly wider then "fulfillment with the state features and obligations and provision of situations for that widened further production". Finances are present within the state level and in addition on typically the manufactures and branches' level too, in addition to in such problems, when the most portion of the manufactures will be not state.

Sixth v. M. Rodionova provides a different position about this subject matter: "real formation of the money starts on the stage of distribution, once the value is noticed and concrete inexpensive forms of typically the realized value happen to be separated from the consistence in the profit". V. M. Rodionova makes an highlight of finances, as distributing relations, when D. S. Moliakov underlines industrial foundation of finances.

Although both of all of them give quite substantiate discussion of finances, as a program of formation, supply and using the particular funds of money resources, that is released of the following definition of the finances: "financial cash relations, which usually forms in typically the process of distribution and redistribution involving the partial value of the national wealth and total social product, is related with the subjects associated with the economy and even formation and usage of the express cash incomes plus savings in the particular widened further manufacturing, in the substance stimulation of typically the workers for satisfaction from the society social along with other requests".

In the manuals involving the political economic system we meet using the following definitions of finances:

"Finances associated with the socialistic condition represent economical (cash) relations, by using which in turn, in the way of planned submission of the earnings and savings the particular funds of money types of the express and socialistic makes are formed intended for guaranteeing the expansion associated with the production, rising the material in addition to cultural level of the people and then for satisfying other common society requests".

"The system of generation and usage of necessary funds associated with cash resources regarding guarantying socialistic increased further production represent precisely the finances associated with the socialistic society. And the wholeness of economical associations arisen between point out, manufactures and businesses, branches, regions and separate citizen based on the movement of cash funds make economical relations".
As coming from seen, definitions of finances made simply by financiers and political economists usually do not fluctuate greatly.